FIG 3.

Overexpression of gprJ causes decreased growth fitness and increased sensitivity to cell wall-damaging agents. (A) Overexpression of gprJ was confirmed by RT-qPCR. Strains were grown for 24 h at 37°C in glucose minimal medium (GMM) (control) and transferred to xylose minimal medium (XMM) for 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h before RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed to cDNA. Copy numbers of gprM were normalized by β-tubulin (AspGD database no. Afu1g10910). (B) Overexpression of gprJ affects growth. Strains were grown from 10⁵ spores for 5 days at 37°C on GMM or XMM before radial diameter was measured. Pictures on the left are indicative of measurements of the graph shown on the right. (C to E) Overexpression of gprJ increases sensitivity to cell wall-damaging agents. Strains were grown from 10⁵ spores for 5 days at 37°C on GMM or XMM supplemented with increasing concentrations of Congo red (C), calcofluor white (CFW) (D), and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (E). Growth was normalized by growth in the control, drug-free condition. Standard deviations present the average of three independent biological repetitions. *, P < 0.05, **, P < 0.005, and ***, P < 0.0005 in a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test for post hoc analysis compared to the wild-type strain.