Table 3.
Relative abundance of branched chain compounds derived from branched chain amino acids in “Mortadella di Campotosto”-like sausages produced with beef (MCB) and hog (MCH) casings over time. Results are expressed as relative abundance × 106.
| Time (Days) | 2-MPA (%) | 3-MBA (%) | 3-MB (%) | PEA (%) | 3-M1-B (%) | 2-MP (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete Design (CD) | |||||||
| MCB | 0 | 0.26 ± 0.01 de | 1.18 ± 0.02 de | 1.29 ± 0.07 c | 1.63 ± 0.50 bc | 7.93 ± 1.23 bc | 0.49 ± 0.01 d |
| MCH | 0 | 0.24 ± 0.01 de | 1.18 ± 0.02 de | 1.09 ± 0.09 c | 1.49 ± 0.62 bc | 7.93 ± 1.25 bc | 0.52 ± 0.01 d |
| MCB | 6 | 0.43 ± 0.03 cd | 2.90 ± 0.16 abcd | 7.37 ± 1.14 a | 0.15 ± 0.01 c | 2.64 ± 0.37 e | 0.2 ± 0.03 d |
| MCH | 6 | n.d. | 1.20 ± 0.20 cde | 2.81 ± 0.48 bc | 1.29 ± 0.26 bc | 7.89 ± 0.77 bcd | n.d. |
| MCB | 11 | 0.71 ± 0.07 bc | 3.6 ± 0.49 ab | 5.50 ± 1.17 ab | 0.19 ± 0.04 c | 5.42 ± 0.49 cde | 0.7 ± 0.05 d |
| MCH | 11 | n.d. | 1.50 ± 0.34 bcde | 2.40 ± 0.62 bc | 1.30 ± 0.29 bc | 9.2 ± 0.68 abc | n.d. |
| MCB | 18 | 0.88 ± 0.06 ab | 4.75 ± 0.95 a | 5.23 ± 1.76 ab | 0.23 ± 0.04 c | 12.7 ± 0.85 a | 1.7 ± 0.34 c |
| MCH | 18 | 0.26 ± 0.02 de | 0.60 ± 0.10 e | 0.2 ± 0.06 c | 1.28 ± 0.23 bc | 5.43 ± 1.09 cde | n.d. |
| MCB | 30 | n.d. | 3.88 ± 0.10 a | n.d. | 0.26 ± 0.03 c | 10.94 ± 0.84 ab | 2.8 ± 0.17 b |
| MCH | 30 | 1.23 ± 0.13 a | 0.65 ± 0.35 e | n.d. | 1.32 ± 0.43 bc | 7.63 ± 0.88 bcd | n.d. |
| MCB | 45 | n.d. | 3.83 ± 0.12 a | n.d. | 0.29 ± 0.05 c | 7.32 ± 1.02 bcd | 4.2 ± 0.53 a |
| MCH | 45 | 1.01 ± 0.16 ab | 1.07 ± 0.80 de | n.d. | 4.33 ± 0.83 a | 6.6 ± 0.31 bcde | n.d.d |
| F (C) | 4.28 * | 88.7 *** | 25.5 *** | 48.7 *** | 0.45 | 206 *** | |
| F (t) | 14.9 *** | 9.08 *** | 17.0 *** | 7.11 *** | 6.06 *** | 32.2 *** | |
| F (C × t) | 97.6 *** | 5.54 ** | 5.48 ** | 8.21 *** | 14.5 *** | 35.9 *** | |
| Incomplete Design (CD + MCH 120 d) | |||||||
| MCH | 120 | n.d. | 3.44 ± 0.11 abc | n.d. | 2.15 ± 0.20 b | 3.7 ± 0.34 de | n.d. |
| F (C) | 0.05 | 67.7 *** | 34.3 *** | 58.3 *** | 3.68 | 242 *** | |
| F (t(C)) | 60.2 *** | 9.45 *** | 11.2 *** | 7.39 *** | 11.7 *** | 33.5 *** | |
2-MPA-2-Methylpropanoic acid; 3-MBA-3-Methylbutanoic acid; 3-MB-3-Methylbutanol; PEA-phenyl ethyl alcohol; 3-M1-B-3-Methyl-1-butanal; 2-MP-2-Methylpropanal. Means with different letters in the same column are significantly different (p < 0.05). Fisher’s F value of casing (F(C)), time (F(t)), combined casing and time (F(C × t)), and time nested with casing (F(t(C))) factors calculated for each analytical determination. ANOVA significant differences were indicated by F values. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. *** p < 0.005; n.d.—not detectable.