Table 3.

miRNA change in atopic dermatitis (data from [7,11,53,75,76,77,78]).

miRNA Expression Change in AD Lesions or Serum	Associated Effect
↓Let-7 a-d	↑IL-13↑CCR7
↓miR-375	↑TSLP (Thymic stromal lymphopoietin)
↓hsa-miR-26a-5a	↑HAS3 (hyaluronian 3 synthase)
↑miR-21	↓IL12
↑miR-29b	Promotion of INF-γ-induced keratinocyte apoptosis
↑miR-146a	↓STAT1 and decrease in Treg activation ↓NFκB–pro-inflammatory transcription factor
↑miR-155	↓CTLA-4 and decrease in Treg proliferation ↑Promotion of Th17 differentiation ↓Inhibition of tight junction formation
↑miR-223 in umbilical cord blood	Decrease in Treg activation
↑MiR-151a in serum	Inhibition of IL-12 signaling
Other miRNA expression changes in atopic skin: ↑ miR-17-5p, ↑ miR142-3p/5p, ↓ miR-122a, ↓miR-326, ↓miR-133b, ↓miR-125b, ↓miR375, ↓ miR193c, ↓miR365