Table 3.
Measured muscle ultrasound parameters at baseline and after 8 w of combined NMES training.
| NMES n = 8 | CG n = 8 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre- | Post- | Pre- | Post- | |
| MU Parameters | ||||
| CSA of VL (cm2) | 10.7 (4.6) | 12.2 (4.3) * | 12.8 (2.6) | 12.5 (2.6) * |
| MT (cm) | 1.7 (0.4) | 1.9 (0.4) * | 1.9 (0.2) | 1.8 (0.3) * |
| FL (cm) | 7.2 (0.5) | 7.3 (0.8) | 7.7 (0.7) | 7.5 (0.7) * |
| PA (in°) | 15.0 (3.9) | 15.0 (4.1) | 13.9 (3.2) | 13.6 (3.0) * |
| CSA of LM left (cm2) | 9.8 (2.7) | 10.4 (2.3) * | 10.7 (3.4) | 11.2 (4.0) |
| CSA of LM right (cm2) | 9.1 (2.1) | 9.2 (2.6) * | 10.3 (3.5) | 10.3 (3.4) |
| Functional Parameters | ||||
| FTSST (in secs) | 6.5 (2.1) | 6.5 (2.6) | 6.5 (0.4) | 6.6 (0.7) |
| TUG (in secs) | 4.7 (1.1) | 4.4 (1.5) | 4.6 (0.6) | 4.6 (0.5) |
Note: Values are presented as medians (IQR); * Wilcoxon Signed Rank test p < 0.05; (NMES—neuromuscular electrical stimulation group; CG—control group; MU muscle ultrasound; CSA—cross-sectional area; VL—vastus lateralis; MT—muscle thickness; FL—fiber length; PA—pennation angle; LM—lumbar multifidus; FTSST—Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test; TUG—Timed Up and Go test).