Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Sep 11;10(9):193. doi: 10.3390/life10090193

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Effect of astaxanthin on the mRNA expression level of aquaporin-3 (AQP3) in PHK16-0b (A) and HaCaT (B) cells. Astaxanthin was added to PHK16-0b or HaCaT cells, and the cells were incubated for 6 h. The AQP3 mRNA expression level was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Expression levels were normalized to those of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and the data are presented as the mean values as a percentage of the control values, which were set to 100% (mean ± SD, n = 4; ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001).