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. 2020 Sep 22;8(9):370. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8090370

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Inhibitory effect of brassicasterol on cell growth in LNCaP cells. (A) 10 and 50 μM of Brassicasterol treated to LNCap Cells for 5 days. The cells were stained with a crystal violet staining solution, and randomly chosen were photographed and resolved in 70% EtOH, and the absorbance was measured using a microplate reader. Data represent mean ± SD. (*) p < 0.05 compared with control. (B) Cell cycle analysis of brassicasterol in LNCaP cells. The LNCaP cells were treated with 50 μM of Brassicasterol for 48 h and analyzed by flow cytometry. Bar graphs showed the quantification of subG1 (%). (**) p < 0.01 compared with control. (C) Brassicasterol-treated (50 μM, 48 h) LNCaP cell lysates were prepared and subject to Western blotting for apoptosis makers (PARP and cleaved caspase-3). Bar graph represents the quantification of interest protein related to β-actin, presents as a fold change of control. (***) p < 0.01 (in comparison to control). (D) Inhibitory effect of brassicasterol on LNCaP 3D tumor organoids growth. 5 days after formed spheroid, 50 μM brassicasterl was treated to the formed spheroids (n = 6 /group) for 48 h.

Inhibitory effect of brassicasterol on cell growth in LNCaP cells. (A) 10 and 50 μM of Brassicasterol treated to LNCap Cells for 5 days. The cells were stained with a crystal violet staining solution, and randomly chosen were photographed and resolved in 70% EtOH, and the absorbance was measured using a microplate reader. Data represent mean ± SD. (*) p < 0.05 compared with control. (B) Cell cycle analysis of brassicasterol in LNCaP cells. The LNCaP cells were treated with 50 μM of Brassicasterol for 48 h and analyzed by flow cytometry. Bar graphs showed the quantification of subG1 (%). (**) p < 0.01 compared with control. (C) Brassicasterol-treated (50 μM, 48 h) LNCaP cell lysates were prepared and subject to Western blotting for apoptosis makers (PARP and cleaved caspase-3). Bar graph represents the quantification of interest protein related to β-actin, presents as a fold change of control. (***) p < 0.01 (in comparison to control). (D) Inhibitory effect of brassicasterol on LNCaP 3D tumor organoids growth. 5 days after formed spheroid, 50 μM brassicasterl was treated to the formed spheroids (n = 6 /group) for 48 h.