| APC | Antigen presenting cells |
| CMAH | Cytidine-monophosphate-N-acetyl-neuraminic acid hydroxylase |
| mya | Million years ago |
| Neu5Ac | N-5-acetyl-neuraminic acid |
| Neu5Gc | N-5-glycolyl-neuraminic acid |
| VSV | Vesicular stomatitis virus |
| α-gal | Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R |
| α1,2FT | α1,2fucosyltransferas |
| α1,3GT | α1,3galactosyltransferase |