Table 1.

Differences between G-MDSCs and neutrophils

Category	Neutrophils	G-MDSCs	Models	References
Surface markers	Reduced CD115 and CD244.	Increased CD115 and CD244.	Mice	113
Density centrifugation	On top of the erythrocyte fraction.	In the PBMC fraction.	Human	114
Gene profiles	High granule proteins, NADPH complex subunits, peroxidases; high expression of genes associated with NF-κB signaling, TNF pathways, and lymphotoxin-receptor signaling.	Upregulation of MPO, cell cycle and autophagy proteins, G-protein signaling, the CREB pathway, Arg-1, iNOS, ROS, and IL-10.	Mice	19
Immunosuppression	Do not suppress T cells and promote IFN-γ production.	Inhibit antigen-specific T cell responses.	Human or mice	113
Lytic activity	Increased LAMP2 expression; highly active lysosomes and proteasomes.	Reduced LAMP2 expression.	Mice	113
Cytotoxicity	Kill tumor cells through ROS and RNS, activate T cells, and recruit M1 macrophages.	Not applicable.	Mice	115
Phagocytic activity	Increased.	Decreased.	Mice	116
Differentiation	Cannot be converted into G-MDSCs.	Differentiate into neutrophils under GM-CSF.	Mice	116

CREB, cAMP-response element binding protein; Arg-1, arginase 1; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; G-MDSCs, granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL-10, interleukin 10; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; LAMP2, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2; MPO, myeloperoxidase; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; RNS, reactive nitrogen species; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.