| a-actin | alpha-actin |
| ActRIIB | activin receptor type 2B |
| ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| Ang II | angiotensin II |
| ANP | atrial natriuretic peptide |
| AT | acidic tail |
| AT1R | angiotensin II receptor type 1 |
| Bb2 | B-box type 2 domain |
| bHLH | basic helix-loop-helix |
| Bif-1 | BAX interacting factor 1 |
| C/EBP | CCAAT/enhancer binding protein |
| CARP | ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase MINDY-3 |
| CC | coiled-coil domain |
| CHOP | C/EBP homologous protein |
| CHRN | cholinergic receptor nicotinic/nicotinic acetylcholine receptor |
| CK | creatine kinase |
| cMyBP-C | cardiac MyBP-C isoform |
| can | calcineurin |
| COS box | C-terminal subgroup one signature-box |
| CRL4 | Cullin-RING-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 4 |
| CSA | cross-sectional area; Dex, dexamethasone |
| dKO | double knock-out |
| EDL | extensor digitorium longus muscle |
| EndoB1 | endophilin B1 |
| EPR | electron paramagnetic resonance |
| FoxO | forkhead box family of transcription factors |
| GME | glucocorticoid modulatory elements |
| GMEB1 | glucocorticoid modulatory element binding protein-1 |
| GR | glucocorticoid receptor |
| HCM | hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
| HD | helical domain |
| HIBADH | 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| IGF-1 | insulin-like growth factor 1 |
| IL1 | interleukine 1 |
| I/R | ischemia/reperfusion |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinases |
| KO | knock-out |
| LAMP1 | lyososomal-associated membrane protein 1 |
| LC3 | microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3b |
| M1/M2 dKO | homozygous constitutive null mutants for MuRF1 or MuRF2 |
| MAFbx | muscle atrophy F-box protein |
| MCT | monocrotaline |
| MEF2 | myocyte enhancer factor-2 |
| MFC | MuRF family specific motif |
| MHC | myosin heavy chain |
| MHCIIa | myosin heavy chain type IIa |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| MLC | myosin light chain |
| MLP/Csrp3 | muscle limp protein/cystine and glycine-rich protein 3 |
| MCK | muscle-type creatine kinase |
| mTORC1 | mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 |
| MuRF | muscle-specific RING finger protein |
| MuRF1-KO | transgenic mice specifically silenced for MuRF1 |
| MuRF1-TG | transgenic mice specifically over-expressing MuRF1 in skeletal muscle |
| MuRF1-Tg+ | transgenic mice expressing increased levels of MuRF1 specifically in the heart |
| MuRF1- ΔRING | transgenic mice with a mutant dominant negative form of MuRF1 corresponding to a RING-deletion of MuRF1 |
| MyBP-C | myosin binding prot-C |
| MHC | myosin heavy chain |
| NF-kB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NFAT | nuclear factor of activated T cells |
| NRVM | neonatal rat ventricular myocytes |
| O-MCK | oxidized form of MCK |
| PE | phenylephrine |
| PDH | pyruvate dehydrogenase |
| PDK2 | pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 2 |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| polyUb | polyubiquitination |
| PMA | plasma membrane ATPase |
| PPARα | peroxisome proliferator activated receptors |
| PPRE | PPAR response element |
| RACK1 | receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 |
| RBCC | RING-B box-coiled-coil |
| RING | really interesting new gene |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SPR | surface plasmon resonance |
| SQTM1/p62 | Sequestosome-1 |
| SRF | serum response factor |
| SUMO | small ubiquitin-related modifier |
| TAC | transaortic constriction model |
| TFEB | transcription factor EB |
| TNF | transforming growth factor |
| TnnI, TnnC | troponin I and C |
| TRAF6 | TNF receptor associated factors 6 |
| TRIP12 | thyroid receptor-interacting protein 12 |
| TRIM | tripartite motif family |
| UPS | ubiquitin-proteasome system |
| WT | wild-type |
| Y2H | yeast two-hybrid. |