Table 2.
Adaptation, protection and animal survival by preconditioning with polyphenols via ingestion; in vivo.
| Preconditioning with | Stress Compound | Model | Molecular Target | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant/Compound | ||||
| Quercetin (40–80 mg/kg/d) | CCl4 | Mice/liver | ↓TLR2/MAPK/NFkB/ROS/MDA | [72] |
| Baicalein (80 mg/kg/×2/d) | CCl4 | Mice/liver | ↑TGF/EGF, ↓TNFα/IL6/ALT | [73] |
| Diecol (25 mg/kg/6/d) | CCl4 | Mice/liver | ↑SOD/CAT/GSH-Px, ↓MDA | [74] |
| Grape seed PP (150 mg/kg/d) | CCl4 | Mice/liver | ↑SOD/GSH-Px-Tx, ↓ALT/TNFα/IL6/MDA | [75] |
| Apple PP (200–800 mg/kg/d) | CCl4 | Mice/liver | ↑SOD/GSH, ↓ALT/MDA | [70] |
| Zingerone (40 mg/kg/d) | LPS | Mice/lung | ↓TNFα/IL6/NFkB/MAPK | [76] |
| Curcumin (20 mg/kg/d) | LPS | Mice/liver | ↓AST/TNFα/IL6/miRNA-155/PI3K/Akt | [77] |
| Berry PP (300 mg/kg/d) | LPS | Mice | ↓Paw edema/TNFα/IL6/iNOS/NFkB, ↑Nrf2 | [78] |
| Apigenin (20 mg/kg/d) | Arterial occlusion | Mice/brain | ↓infarct area/microgalia | [79] |
| Anthocyanin (320 mg/d) | Dyslipidemia | Human | ↓IL6/TNFα/MDA/8-iso-PGF2α/8-OHdG | [80] |
| Red Wine PP (150 mg/d) | Angiotensin II | Rat/endothelial | ↓VEGF/MMP2/eNOS/ROS | [69] |
↑ = increase, ↓ = decrease. TLR 2 = Toll–like receptor, NF-kB = (nuclear factor kappa B cells), MDA = malondialdehyde, GSH-Px = glutathione peroxidase, TGF = transforming grow factor, EGF = epidermal growth factor, TNFα = tumor necrosis factor α, IL6 = interleukin 6, ALT = alanine transaminase, AST—aspartate transaminase, miRNA-155 = microRNA-155, 8-iso-PGF2α = 8-Iso-Prostaglandin F2α, 8-OHdG = 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, VEGF = vascular epidermal growth factor, MMP2 = matrix metalloproteinase-2, eNOS = endothelial nitric oxide synthase.