Table 2.
Literature values of measured trace element concentrations (As, Cd, Hg, MeHg, Pb, and F) in the investigated species. The number of measured samples (N), the mean concentration in mg/kg based on either dry weight (d.w.) or wet weight (w.w.), the standard deviation (SD), and the range, whenever available, are given.
| Species | Element | Location | N | Mean (mg/kg) | SD | Range | d.w./w.w. | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benthosema glaciale | As | North Atlantic | 1 c | 0.58 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al. in press | ||
| N Norwegian Sea | 25 c | 1.4 | 1.2–1.8 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Norwegian Coast | 4 c | 1.9 | 1.8–2.0 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea | 1 | 12.7 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | ||||
| Cd | North Atlantic | 1 c | 0.090 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al. in press | |||
| N Norwegian Sea | 25 c | 0.067 | 0.044–0.086 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Norwegian Coast | 4 c | 0.009 | 0.006–0.018 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea | 9 c | 0.71 | 0.15 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea | 4 c | 0.19 | 0.08 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | |||
| Hg | North Atlantic | 1 c | 0.039 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al. in press | |||
| N Norwegian Sea | 25 c | 0.019 | 0.014–0.024 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Norwegian Coast | 4 c | 0.016 | 0.013–0.020 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea | 9 c | 0.4 | 0.16 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea | 11 c | 0.21 | 0.2 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | |||
| Pb | North Atlantic | 1 c | <0.01 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al., in press | |||
| N Norwegian Sea | 25 c | 0.021 | 0.007–0.089 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Norwegian Coast | 4 c | 0.008 | 0.007–0.010 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Maurolicus muelleri | As | North Atlantic | 2 c | 1.6 | 1.2–1.9 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al. in press | |
| Norwegian Fjord | 4 c | 3.8 | 2.5–4.6 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Cd | North Atlantic | 2 c | 0.38 | 0.31–0.44 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al., in press | ||
| Norwegian Fjord | 4 c | 0.026 | 0.018–0.032 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Hg | North Atlantic | 2 c | 0.026 | 0.022–0.030 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al., in press | ||
| Norwegian Fjord | 4 c | 0.034 | 0.024–0.049 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Azores | 11 | 0.34 | 0.051–0.446 | d.w. | [32] | Monteiro et al., 1996 | |||
| Pb | North Atlantic | 2 c | <0.05 | w.w. | [30] | Grimaldo et al., in press | |||
| Norwegian Fjord | 4 c | 0.009 | 0.006–0.014 | w.w. | [9] | Wiech et al., 2018 | |||
| Meganyctiphanes norvegica | As | NE Atlantic | 5 | 59.3 | 11.0 | d.w. | [33] | Ridout et al., 1989 | |
| NE Atlantic | 8 | 42 | d.w. | [34] | Leatherland et al., 1973 | ||||
| Mediterranean Sea | 1 c | 55.8 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | ||||
| Cd | NE Atlantic | 29 | 0.66 | 0.14–1.83 | w.w. | [35] | P. S. Rainbow, 1989 | ||
| NE Atlantic | 5 | 0.39 | 0.03 | d.w. | [33] | Ridout et al., 1989 | |||
| NE Atlantic | 29 | 1.6 | 1.2 | d.w. | [33] | Ridout et al., 1989 | |||
| NE Atlantic | 8 | 0.25 | d.w. | [34] | Leatherland et al., 1973 | ||||
| North Sea/Atlantic | 18 c | 0.54 | 0.10 | d.w. | [36] | Zauke et al., 1996 | |||
| Greenland Sea | 19 c | 0.44 | 0.10 | d.w. | [37] | Ritterhoff and Zauke, 1997 | |||
| Atlantic/Firth of Clyde | 30 | 1.06 | 0.54–6.06 | w.w. | [35] | P. S. Rainbow, 1989 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea | 5 c | 1.3 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | ||||
| Mediterranean Sea | 2 c | 0.12 | d.w. | [38] | Fossi et al., 2002 | ||||
| Mediterranean Sea | 1 | 1.06 | d.w. | [39] | Belloni et al., 1976 | ||||
| Mediterranean Sea/Corsica | 4 | 0.55 | 0.03 | d.w. | [40] | Roméo and Nicolas, 1986 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea/Monaco | n.a. | 0.74 | d.w. | [41] | Fowler, 1977 | ||||
| NE Pacific | 9 | 2.8 | 0.8–5.5 | d.w. | [42] | Martin and Knauer, 1973 | |||
| Hg | NE Atlantic | 8 | 0.26 | d.w. | [34] | Leatherland et al., 1973 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea | 2 c | 0.14 | d.w. | [38] | Fossi et al., 2002 | ||||
| Mediterranean Sea/Monaco | n.a. | 0.35 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | ||||
| Mediterranean Sea | 1 | 0.092 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | ||||
| Gulf of St Lawrence | 6 c | 0.60 | 0.05 | d.w. | [43] | Lavoie et al., 2010 | |||
| Mehg | Gulf of St Lawrence | 5 c | 0.065 | 0.03 | d.w. | [43] | Lavoie et al., 2010 | ||
| Pb | Greenland Sea | 17 c | <0.3 | d.w. | [37] | Ritterhoff and Zauke, 1997 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea/Corsica | 4 | 4.65 | 2.11 | d.w. | [40] | Roméo and Nicolas, 1986 | |||
| Mediterranean Sea/Monaco | n.a. | 1.1 | d.w. | [41] | Fowler, 1977 | ||||
| Mediterranean Sea | 2 c | 0.50 | d.w. | [38] | Fossi et al., 2002 | ||||
| NE Pacific | 9 | 2.4 | 1.0–10.9 | d.w. | [42] | Martin and Knauer, 1973 | |||
| F- | W-Sweden/N-Kattegat | 6 | 2153 | d.w. | [10] | Adelung et al., 1987 | |||
| Norwegian Coast | 2 c | 1845 | 1330–2360 | d.w. f | [11] | Soevik and Braekkan, 1979 | |||
| Pasiphaea spp. | Hg | Gulf of St Lawrence | 2 c | 0.11 | 0.02 | d.w. | [43] | Lavoie et al., 2010 | |
| Gulf of Maine | 8 c | 0.27 | 0.07 | 0.166–0.347 | w.w. | [44] | Harding et al., 2018 | ||
| Mehg | Gulf of Maine | 8 c | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.03–0.351 | w.w. | [44] | Harding et al., 2018 | |
| Eusergestes arcticus | Cd | Mediterranean Sea | 6 c | 0.90 | 0.4–1.5 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | |
| Mediterranean Sea/Corsica | 5 | 0.33 | 0.17 | 0.12–0.52 | d.w. | [40] | Roméo and Nicolas, 1986 | ||
| Hg | Mediterranean Sea | 1 | 0.31 | d.w. | [31] | Fowler, 1986 | |||
| Pb | Mediterranean Sea/Corsica | 4 | 2.13 | 0.36 | 1.71–2.38 | d.w. | [40] | Roméo and Nicolas, 1986 | |
c composite samples; f fat-free dry weight; n.a.: not available.