| OP | Osteoporosis |
| BMP2 | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 |
| BMPRIa | Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Ia |
| CK2 | Casein Kinase 2 |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| BMP | Bone Morphogenetic Protein |
| BMPRII | Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor II |
| GS | Glycine Serine |
| MSC | Mesenchymal Stem Cell |
| US | Unstimulated |
| SEM | Standard Error of the Mean |
| MMA | Methyl Methacrylate |
| NBF | Neutral Buffered Formalin |
| IRB | Institutional Review Board |
| OA | Osteoarthritis |
| PBS | Phosphate Buffered Saline |
| BSA | Bovine Serum Albumin |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium |
| FBS | Fetal Bovine Serum |
| PFA | Paraformaldehyde |
| HRP | Horseradish Peroxidase |