Table 2.
Systematic Reviews of Sociodemographic and Clinical Predictors of Adherence with Prescribed Psychiatric Treatment
| Author | Samples and Methodology | Results (Only Significant Results are Described) |
|---|---|---|
| Rivero-Santana et al60 | Systematic review of 32 observational studies of patients with depressive disorders using antidepressants. A quantitative synthesis was not performed because of the heterogeneity and lack of availability of the data reported. |
↑ Adherence with: ↑ age, and White race ↓ Adherence with: medical comorbidities, substance abuse, and race (Hispanic patients or minority groups) |
| Sendt et al61 | Systematic review of 13 observational studies of patients with schizophrenia using antipsychotics. | ↑ Adherence with: ↑ positive attitude to medication, and ↑ insight into illness |
| Edgcomb and Zima62 | Systematic review and meta-analysis of 28 studies of predictors of adherence to psychopharmacological treatment among children (<19 years old) with a primary psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, recent suicide attempt, or psychiatric hospitalization. Strength of association was measured by adjusted OR (CI). |
↓ Adherence with: ↑ illness severity OR=0.44 (CI.32–0.62); p< 0.001 substance use OR=0.66 (CI 0.45–0.98); p=0.02 comorbid ADHD OR=0.61 (CI 0.41–0.91); p=0.008 |
| Garcia et al63 | Systematic review of 38 studies including patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder. | ↓ Adherence with: ↓ age ↓ level of education ↓ socioeconomic status ↓ insight ↑ cognitive impairment ↑ intensity of delusional symptoms ↑ suspiciousness ↓ therapeutic alliance ↑ barriers to care being a minority ethnicity having a substance abuse disorder |
| Czobor et al64 | A patient-level meta-analysis of combined CATIE and EUFEST studies on schizophrenic patients. Strength of association was measured by adjusted OR (CI). |
↓ Adherence with: substance use OR=2.01(CI 1.38–2.95); p=0.0003 insight OR=1.42 (CI 1.26–1.60); p=0.0001 hostility OR=1 0.37 (CI 1.16–1.62); p=0.0002 |
Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; CATIE, The Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness Study; CI, 95% confidence interval; EUFEST, The European First Episode Schizophrenia Study Trial; OR, odds ratio.