WHC differentially induced oxidative DNA damage (8-oxodG) of breast cancer cells. (A,B) 8-oxodG profiles and statistics for dose effects of WHC. Breast cancer (MCF7 and SKBR3) cells were treated with WHC (control (0.075% DMSO), 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 μM) for 48 h. (+) located on the right side of each profile is counted for 8-oxodG (+) (%). (C,D) NAC pretreatments reversed the WHC induced 8-oxodG generation. Following pretreatments with NAC (10 mM for 1 h), cells were treated with control (0.075% DMSO) and 0.75 μM of WHC for 0, 24, and 48 h, i.e., NAC/WHC. Data are means ± SDs (n = 3). Results marked without overlapping letters show significant differences (P < 0.05 to 0.0001).