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. 2020 Sep 10;9(9):850. doi: 10.3390/antiox9090850

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Effect of subcutaneous injection of increasing doses of LMW-DS (ILB®) on the cerebral concentration of the water-soluble low molecular weight antioxidants ascorbate (A) and GSH (B) and also of the biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative stress, MDA (C) and nitrite + nitrate (D), which are valuable indicators of the nervous cell antioxidant defenses and ROS- and RNS-mediated damage. The parameters of interest were determined by HPLC on deproteinized cerebral homogenates at 2 and 7 days post-impact, both in untreated sTBI rats (TBI 2 days and TBI 7 days) and in rats receiving 1, 5, or 15 mg/kg b.w. LMW-DS (ILB®) administered 30 min after sTBI. Controls are represented by sham-operated rats. Values are the mean ± SD of 12 different animals and are expressed as nmol/g w.w. * Significantly different from sham-operated control rats, p < 0.05. # Significantly different from the corresponding time point of untreated sTBI rats, p < 0.05. ## Significantly different from LMW-DS 1, p < 0.05. ### Significantly different from LMW-DS 5, p < 0.05.