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. 2020 Aug 26;9(9):1181. doi: 10.3390/foods9091181

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effects of WEAR on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. (A–D) Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were cultured in a tissue culture plate (A, B upper panel, and C) or in an Osteo Assay Surface plate (B lower panel and D) with or without WEAR (33.3, 100, and 200 μg/mL) in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating (M-CSF) (60 ng/mL) and RANKL (50 ng/mL) for 4 days. (A) The total cellular tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity. (B) Representative microscopic images of TRAP staining (upper panel; scale bar, 100 µm) and resorption pits (lower panel; scale bar, 100 µm). (C) The number of pink-colored TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (MNCs) with more than three nuclei. (D) Relative resorption area. (E) Cell viability was assessed in BMMs treated with or without WEAR for 24 h. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. control.