Table 2.

Effect of B. etnensis (0.5 g/kg, p.o.). on insulin blood level, glycemia, food intake, body weight, water assumption and 24 h urine volume of normal and experimental rats.

Group	0	8 Days	15 Days	21 Days	28 Days
Insulin (ng/mL)
Ctr.	0.97 ± 0.04	1.0 ± 0.02	0.99 ± 0.03	1.1 ± 0.04	0.99 ± 0.02
Diab.	0.87 ± 0.06	0.34 ± 0.05 *	0.38 ± 0.04 *	0.40 ± 0.06 *	0.39 ± 0.05 *
Extr.	1.0 ± 0.03	1.01 ± 0.03	1.0 ± 0.05	0.99 ± 0.03	1.02 ± 0.04
Diab. + Extr.	0.81 ± 0.02	0.60 ± 0.03 *	0.71 ± 0.03 *	0.78 ± 0.02 *	0.68 ± 0.02 *
Glycemia (mg/dl)
Ctr.	80 ± 9.02	82 ± 7.8	90 ± 7.2	85 ± 6.98	90 ± 9.01
Diab.	78 ± 10.1	600 ± 25 *	575 ± 31 *	550 ± 26.1 *	500 ± 32 *
Extr.	81 ± 8.89	81 ± 8.23	82 ± 8.01	85 ± 8.2	87 ± 7.8
Diab. + Extr.	80 ± 9.03	320 ± 13.1 *	250 ± 14.3 *	280 ± 12.6 *	245 ± 10.2 *
Food (gr/die)
Ctr.	10 ± 0.5	11 ± 1.65	10.5 ± 0.5	10 ± 0.5	12 ± 0.6
Diab.	10 ± 0.5	45 ± 6.75 *	50 ± 6.25 *	47 ± 5.87 *	45 ± 6.07 *
Extr.	12 ± 0.6	12 ± 1.8	11 ± 0.55	11.5 ± 0.57	11 ± 0.49
Diab. + Extr.	11 ± 0.55	32 ± 6.3 * *	28 ± 3.5 *	27 ± 3.3 *	24 ± 3.0 *
Weight (gr)
Ctr.	330 ± 15	330 ± 14	350 ± 13	370 ± 14	382 ± 15
Diab.	335 ± 12	300 ± 12	280 ± 12 *	240 ± 11 *	210 ± 12 *
Extr.	320 ± 13	335 ± 12	355 ± 14	362 ± 14	378 ±15
Diab. + Extr.	335 ± 12	310 ± 10	300 ± 10	312 ± 9 * *	321 ± 8 *
Water (ml/die)
Ctr.	34 ± 2	32 ± 1.5	30 ± 2	33 ± 1.5	34 ± 2
Diab.	30 ± 2	160 ± 4 *	165 ± 4 *	158 ± 5 *	167 ± 4 *
Extr.	35 ± 2	33 ± 2	35 ± 2	31 ± 1.8	32 ± 2
Diab. + Extr.	33 ± 2	89 ± 2.5 *	82 ± 3 *	75 ± 3 *	61 ± 3 *
Urine (ml/die)
Ctr.	10 ± 1	11 ± 1	10.5 ± 1.2	10 ± 1	10 ± 1.3
Diab.	10 ± 1	135 ± 10 **	130 ± 9 **	138 ± 11 **	140 ± 8 **
Extr.	12 ± 1	12 ± 1	11 ± 1	11.5 ± 0.9	9.5 ± 1
Diab. + Extr.	11 ± 1	120 ± 2.5 **	78 ± 2 **	75 ± 2 **	58 ± 2 **

Control rats (Ctr.), diabetic rats (Diab.), non-diabetic rats treated with B. etnensis extract (Extr.) and diabetic rats treated with B. etnensis extract (Diab. + Extr.). Each value represents the mean ± S.D. of ten rats. * p < 0.001; ** p < 0.01 denote significant differences (Diab. vs. ctr and Diab. + Extr. vs. Diab.).