Table 4.

Fat-soluble antioxidants composition according to mode of supply of herbage to dairy cows: grazing, zero-grazing or grass silage.

Item (µg/L Milk)	Grazing	Zero-Grazing	Grass Silage	SD 1	p 2
Retinol	855	852	827	202.6	NS
α-Tocopherol	1189	962	1068	237.5	NS
γ-Tocopherol	17.8	19.9	23.3	3.50	NS
Lutein	21.9 a	15.5 b	9.1c	3.19	**
Zeaxanthin	1.19	0.42	0.47	0.332	NS
β-Cryptoxanthin	3.13	1.64	1.55	1.031	NS
All-trans-β-Carotene	255	184	179	45.6	NS
9-cis-β-Carotene	1.73	2.05	1.60	0.775	NS
13-cis-β-Carotene	9.52	7.08	6.82	1.540	NS

¹ Standard deviation. ² Statistical significance: NS: p > 0.05, *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001. ^a, ^b, ^c Means followed by different lowercase letters are significantly different.