AsLOV2	Avena sativa phototropin 1 LOV2 domain
avGFP	Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein
αTAT	alpha-tubulin acetylase
BACCS	blue light-activated Ca2+ channel switch
BLINK1	blue-light–induced K+ channel 1
BphP	bacterial phytochrome photoreceptor
BR	bacteriorhodopsin
BV	biliverdin
cAMP	cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cdc42	cell division control protein 42 homolog
cGMP	cyclic guanosine monophosphate
ChR2	channelrhodopsin-2
CIB1	cryptochrome-interacting basic-helix-loop-helix protein
CRY2	Arabidopsis cryptochrome
CRISPR	clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
Cas9	CRISPR associated protein 9
DAG	diacylglycerol
EM	electron microscopy
eNpHR	enhanced Natronomonas halorhodopsin
ePDZ	engineered PDZ domain
ERK	extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FAD	flavin adenine dinucleotide
Fd	ferredoxin
FMN	flavin mononucleotide
FP	fluorescent protein
GEF	guanine nucleotide exchange factor
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptors
Gq	guanine nucleotide-binding protein
Gs	stimulatory G protein
Gt	transducin
HCV	hepatitis C virus
HO1	heme oxygenase 1
Hsp90	heat shock protein 90
iRFP	near-infrared fluorescent protein
K d	dissociation constant
LEXY	light-inducible nuclear export system
LINuS	light-inducible nuclear localization signal
IP3	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
LARIAT	light-activated reversible inhibition by assembled trap
LOV	light-oxygen-voltage-sensing
LOVTRAP	LOV2 trap and release of protein
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MP	multimeric protein
NADP+	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NIR	near-infrared
NIR-GECO	near-infrared fluorescent genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator
nMag	negative Magnet
NMR	nuclear magnetic resonance
PACR	photoactivatable Ca2+ releaser
PanX1	pannexin-1
PA-Rac1	photoactivatable Rac1
PAS	Per-Arnt-Sim
PCB	phycocyanobilin
PΦB	phytochromobilin
PhoCl	photocleavable protein
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PI(3,4,5)P3	phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate
PIF	phytochrome interaction factor
pMag	positive Magnet
PPI	protein–protein interaction
PTFP	phototransformable fluorescent protein
PHR	photolyase homology region
PhyB	Arabidopsis thaliana phytochrome B
Rac1	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1
RhoA	Ras homolog family member A
SR	steroid receptor
STIM1	stromal interaction molecule 1
TEV	tobacco etch virus
τ	time constant
t 1/2	half-life
TULIPs	tunable and light-controlled interacting protein tags
VVD	fungal circadian clock photoreceptor Vivid