TLRs	Toll-like receptors
NLRs	Nod-like receptors
PPR	Pattern recognition receptor
MAMPs	Micro-organism-associated molecular patterns
PAMPs	Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
MyD88	Myeloid differentiation response-88
TRIF	TIR-domain-containing, adapter-inducing interferon-β
NFkB	Nuclear factor kB
IRF	Interferon regulatory factor
AP-1	Activator protein-1
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
Cdx2	Caudal type Homebox 2
IP-10	Interferon gamma-induced protein 10
IL	Interleukin
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
H2S	Hydrogen sulfide
H. pylori	Helicobacter pylori
MALT	Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
CagA	Cytotoxin-associated gene A
VacA	Vacuolating cytotoxin A
OLGA	Operative link on gastritis assessment
GAC	Gastric adenocarcinoma
IM	Intestinal metaplasia
AG	Atrophic gastritis
FD	Functional dyspepsia
NAG	Non-atrophic gastritis
T-RFLP	Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism
LAB	Lactic acid bacteria
MCT-1	Monocarboxylate transporter 1
HIF-1	Hypoxia-inducible factor-1
HCAR1	Hydrocarboxylic acid receptor 1
MHC	Major histocompatibility complex
TCR	T-cell receptors
PD-1	Programmed cell death protein-1
LAG 3	Lymphocyte-activation gene 3
TIM 3	T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing-3
TIL	Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
IFN γ	Interferon γ
Tregs	T regulatory cells
CTLA-4	Cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein 4
HMGB1	High mobility group box 1
NSCLC	Non-small cell lung cancer
CPS	Combined positive score
TPS	Tumor proportion score
MSI	Microsatellite instability
dMMR	Deficient MisMatch Repair
EBV	Epstein-Barr Virus
TMB	Tumor mutational burden
FMT	Fecal microbiota transplantation