Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics at hospitalization of severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients
| Characteristics | NMissing (%) | Total (n = 112) | Survived (n = 81) | Dead (n = 31) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [mean (SD)] | 61.0 (14.9) | 57.1 (13.8) | 71.0 (13.0) | |
| Male [n (%)] | 73 (65.2) | 54 (66.7) | 19 (61.3) | |
| Vital signs [mean (SD)] | ||||
| Temperature (°C) | 2 (1.8) | 37.3 (0.8) | 37.3 (0.8) | 37.2 (0.8) |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 29 (25.9) | 89.4 (17.7) | 87.1 (16.7) | 94.4 (19.0) |
| Respiratory rate (Breaths/min) | 5 (4.5) | 24.8 (5.6) | 25.1 (5.9) | 24.1 (4.9) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | ||||
| Diastolic | 5 (4.5) | 73.2 (13.7) | 73.3 (14.7) | 72.8 (11.0) |
| Systolic | 5 (4.5) | 124.9 (17.3) | 124.0 (18.0) | 127.0 (15.7) |
| Symptoms [n (%)] | ||||
| Fever | 91 (81.2) | 67 (82.7) | 24 (77.4) | |
| Cough | 86 (76.8) | 62 (76.5) | 24 (77.4) | |
| Chest tightness | 73 (65.2) | 56 (69.1) | 17 (54.8) | |
| Fatigue | 65 (58.0) | 54 (66.7) | 11 (35.5) | |
| Shortness of breath | 34 (30.4) | 21 (25.9) | 13 (41.9) | |
| Phlegm | 28 (25.0) | 20 (24.7) | 8 (25.8) | |
| Dyspnea | 25 (22.3) | 14 (17.3) | 11 (35.5) | |
| Diarrhea | 19 (17.0) | 15 (18.5) | 4 (12.9) | |
| Headache | 9 (8.0) | 7 (8.6) | 2 (6.5) | |
| Myalgia | 6 (5.4) | 5 (6.2) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Sore throat | 5 (4.5) | 4 (4.9) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Nausea and vomiting | 5 (4.5) | 2 (2.5) | 3 (9.7) | |
| Imaging abnormalitya | 18 (16.1) | 13 (16.0) | 5 (16.1) | |
| No. of symptoms [n (%)] | ||||
| 0 | 2 (1.8) | 2 (6.5) | ||
| 1 | 4 (3.6) | 4 (4.9) | ||
| 2 | 15 (13.4) | 10 (12.3) | 5 (16.1) | |
| 3 | 20 (17.9) | 15 (18.5) | 5 (16.1) | |
| 4 | 30 (26.8) | 23 (28.4) | 7 (22.6) | |
| 5 | 23 (20.5) | 16 (19.8) | 7 (22.6) | |
| 6 | 12 (10.7) | 8 (9.9) | 4 (12.9) | |
| ≥ 7 | 6 (5.4) | 5 (6.2) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Comorbidities [n (%)] | ||||
| Hypertension | 40 (35.7) | 26(32.1) | 14 (45.2) | |
| Respiratory failure | 27 (24.1) | 16 (19.8) | 11 (35.5) | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 17 (15.2) | 10 (12.3) | 7 (22.6) | |
| Diabetes | 21 (18.8) | 15 (18.5) | 6 (19.4) | |
| Acute lung injury | 14 (12.5) | 9 (11.1) | 5 (16.1) | |
| COPDb | 5 (4.5) | 2 (2.5) | 3 (9.7) | |
| Bacterial pneumonia | 3 (2.7) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Hepatic injury | 3 (2.7) | 3 (3.7) | ||
| Septic shock | 3 (2.7) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Cerebral infarction | 2 (1.8) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Acute kidney injury | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.2) | ||
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.2) | ||
| Sepsis | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.2) | ||
| N of comorbidities [n (%)] | ||||
| 0 | 46 (41.1) | 36 (44.4) | 10 (32.3) | |
| 1 | 26 (23.2) | 20 (24.7) | 6 (19.4) | |
| 2 | 19 (17.0) | 13 (16.0) | 6 (19.4) | |
| 3 | 13 (11.6) | 7 (8.6) | 6 (19.4) | |
| 4 | 4 (3.6) | 2 (2.5) | 2 (6.5) | |
| 5 | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) | |
| ≥ 6 | 3 (2.7) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Worst severity in hospital | ||||
| Severe | 63 | 63 | 0 | |
| Critical illness [n (%)] | 49 | 18 | 31 | |
SD standard deviation
aIncluding chest radiography and computed tomography (CT)
bChronic obstructive pulmonary disease