(A) Distribution of insulin+ islets (<1.6 and >1.6 μm from the nearest nerve). Islets per group: 25,310/10,030/15,280. (B) Mean insulin+ islet volume ± NF200+ innervation; islets per group: 11,869/929/4690/325/7179/604. (C) Total insulin+ islet volume ± NF200+ innervation. (D) NF200 intensity sum normalized for insulin+ islet volume; islets per group: 5174/4530/2264/687/2196/1788/701/330/2978/2742/1563/357. (E) Intrapancreatic ganglia (NF200, magenta) and β cells (insulin, green). Arrows mark ganglia. Scale bar, 50 μm. (F) NF200+ intrapancreatic ganglia per cubic millimeter. (G) Intrapancreatic ganglia volume. Ganglia per group: 123/43/80. (H) Distance between intrapancreatic ganglia and insulin+ islets. Ganglia per group: 123/43/80. (I) β cells contacting nerves per islet. Islets per group: 69/40/29. Data are shown as means ± SEM or median ± 95% confidence interval as indicated. Analyses by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s test (B to D) or unpaired t test (F to I), ***P < 0.001. T, total; D, duodenal; S, splenic. N = 5 (A to D), N = 3 (F to H), and N = 4 (I).