Table 1.

Efficiency of transgenic plant production after biolistic- mediated transformation of immature embryo-derived tissues of emmer wheat ‘Runo’ (T.dicoccum (Schrank))

Morphogenic tissue typea	Experiment No.	No. independent explants bombarded	No. independent explants produced plantlets after dual GFP + PPT selection	No. putative transgenic plants selected in vitro		No. independent explants produced transgenic (PCR-positive) events	Transformation frequency, % b
				Total	PCR-positive for BAR
Type I	1	82	9	10	9	8	9.8
	2	83	6	7	6	5	6.0
	3	50	3	3	3	3	6.0
	4	80	11	12	11	10	12.5
	5	58	11	11	11	11	19.0
	6	100	18	24	23	17	17.0
	7	50	9	9	9	9	18.0
	8	150	24	25	23	22	14.7
Total / Mean		653	91	101	95	85	12.9
Type II	1	50	0	0	0	0	0.0
	2	100	2	2	2	2	2.0
	3	48	0	0	0	0	0.0
	4	103	2	2	2	2	1.9
	5	100	9	11	10	8	8.0
	6	75	4	6	6	14	5.3
Total / Mean		476	17	21	20	16	3.4

^aType I – nodular white morphogenic calli, Type II – nodular translucent morphogenic calli

^bcalculated as percentage of the independent bombarded explants produced at least one PCR- positive transgenic plant T₀