Table 2.

Efficiency of transgenic plant production after biolistic- mediated transformation of mature embryo-derived tissues of emmer wheat ‘Runo’ (T.dicoccum (Schrank))

Callus selection mediuma	Experiment No.	No. independent explants bombarded	No. independent explants produced plantlets after dual GFP + PPT selection	No. putative transgenic plants selected in vitro		No. independent explants produced transgenic (PCR-positive) events	Transformation frequency, % b
				Total	PCR-positive
Daminozide 0 mg/l	1	50	0	0	0	0	0.0
	2	25	0	0	0	0	0.0
	3	48	0	0	0	0	0.0
	4	45	1	1	1	1	2.2
	5	25	0	0	0	0	0.0
Total / Mean		193	1	1	1	1	0.5
Daminozide 25 mg/l	1	25	0	0	0	0	0.0
	2	37	0	0	0	0	0.0
	3	25	1	1	1	1	4.0
	4	52	0	0	0	0	0.0
	5	45	2	2	2	2	4.4
	6	50	2	2	2	2	4.0
Total / Mean		234	5	5	5	5	2.1

^aMS basal salts and vitamins, 150 mg/l L-asparagine, 3 mg/l 2,4-D, 3 mg/l PPT

^bcalculated as percentage of the independent bombarded explants produced at least one PCR-positive transgenic plant T₀