Table 5.
Overview of immunological markers estimated from blood during day 1 and day 2
| Analysis | Marker |
|---|---|
| Cytokine markers | Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) |
| Interleukin 6 (IL-6) | |
| Interleukin 8 (IL-8) | |
| Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) | |
| Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)/regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) | |
| Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) | |
| High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) | |
| Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) | |
| Cell death markers | Double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) |
| Nucleosomes | |
| Cell injury markers | |
| General cell injury | Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) |
| Liver cell injury | Aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) |
| Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) | |
| α-fetoprotein (AFP) | |
| microRNA-122 (mRNA-122) | |
| Muscle cell injury | Creatine kinase (CK) |
| Single layer epithelial cell injury | Total & cleared cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) |