Table 1.
Characteristics of the 198 glioma patients
| Overall cohort |
||
|---|---|---|
| (n = 198) | ||
| Median age at recurrence (min/max), [y] | 49 | 9/79 |
| Median time from first RT to reirradiation (min/max), [m] | 14 | 2/198 |
| Mean PTV ± SD [ccm] at recurrence | 61.9 | ± 63.7 |
| Median BED provided at recurrence (a/b = 9.32) | 58.8 | ± 12.5 |
| n | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 126 | 63.6 |
| Female | 72 | 36.4 |
| Localization of recurrent tumor | ||
| Frontal | 57 | 28.8 |
| Parietal | 41 | 20.7 |
| Temporal | 45 | 22.7 |
| Occipital | 9 | 4.5 |
| Central | 7 | 3.5 |
| Ventricles | 1 | 0.5 |
| Cerebellum | 3 | 1.5 |
| Brain stem | 2 | 1.0 |
| Other, n/a | 33 | 16.7 |
| MGMT-status | ||
| Unmethylated | 12 | 6.1 |
| Methylated | 13 | 6.6 |
| n/a | 173 | 87.4 |
| Extent of surgery at recurrence | ||
| No surgery | 119 | 60.1 |
| Biopsy | 6 | 3.0 |
| Partial resection | 16 | 8.1 |
| Gross total resection | 56 | 28.3 |
| Result of surgery n/a | 1 | 0.5 |
| KPS at recurrence | ||
| 40% | 8 | 4.0 |
| 50% | 22 | 11.1 |
| 60% | 25 | 12.6 |
| 70% | 58 | 29.3 |
| 80% | 42 | 21.2 |
| n/a | 43 | 21.7 |
| Chemotherapy at recurrence | ||
| Temozolomide | 54 | 27.3 |
| CCNU | 2 | 1.0 |
| ACNU | 2 | 1.0 |
| PCV | 2 | 1.0 |
| Topotecan | 13 | 6.6 |
| Erlotinib | 1 | 0.5 |
| None | 124 | 62.6 |
| Histology at recurrence | ||
| Recurrent glioblastoma | 133 | 67.2 |
| Secondary glioblastoma | 19 | 9.6 |
| Recurrent astrocytoma grade 3 | 28 | 14.1 |
| Secondary astrocytoma grade 3 | 8 | 4.0 |
| Recurrent oligoastrocytoma grade 3 | 3 | 1.5 |
| Recurrent oligodendroglioma grade 3 | 1 | 0.5 |
| High-grade glioma, not further characterized | 2 | 1.0 |
| Glioma, unclear whether low- or high-grade | 4 | 2.0 |
| Fractionation schema at recurrence | ||
| Normofractionation | 31 | 15.7 |
| Accelerated hyperfractionation | 14 | 7.1 |
| Hypofractionation | 148 | 74.7 |
| Other, n/a | 5 | 2.5 |
| FSRT at recurrence | ||
| Yes | 174 | 87.9 |
| No | 24 | 12.1 |
| Steroids during radiation therapy | ||
| Yes | 99 | 50 |
| No | 17 | 8.6 |
| n/a | 82 | 41.4 |
| Nanotherapy at recurrence | ||
| Yes | 32 | 16.2 |
| No | 166 | 83.8 |
Abbreviations: FSRT = fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy; KPS = Karnofsky Performance Status; MGMT = O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; n/a = not applicable; PTV = planning target volume; tmz = temozolomide.