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. 2020 Oct 14;134(19):2623–2643. doi: 10.1042/CS20200230

Table 2. The levels of circulating NRG-1 and NRG-4 in human cohorts.

Neuregulins Mean ± SD Median [IQR] Plasma or serum N Reference Major finding
NRG-1, ng/ml 217 ± 170 Serum n=9 [43] NRG-1 correlates with exercise capacity
0.77 ± 0.37 Serum n=36 [64] NRG-1 correlates with proangiogenic factors, VEGF and Angiopoietin-1
5.3 ± 8.8 0.9 [0.6, 7.0] Platelet-free plasma n=10 [63] Circulating NRG-1 is functionally inactive
9.0 ± 11.4 0.4 Plasma n=62 [176] NRG levels are reduced after exposure to cardiotoxic chemotherapy
2.6 [0.2, 19.1]/4.1 [2.0, 12.9] Serum/plasma n=21 [70] NRG-1 inversely correlates with CAD severity
1.4 [0.2, 14.2] Serum n=319 [177] No changes during acute coronary syndrome
4.4 [2.8, 8.7] Serum n=899 [71] Circulating NRG-1 is associated with heart failure severity and risk of death or cardiac transplantation
NRG-4, ng/ml 2.3 [1.1, 3.7] Serum n=129 [65] The level of circulating NRG-4 is inversely associated with the risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus
1.1 ± 0.9 Serum n=57 [78] Circulating NRG-4 is inversely associated with the risk of acute coronary syndrome
0.08 [0, 0.55] Serum n=83 [24] The circulating NRG-4 is an independent risk factor associated with diabetes
4.1 ± 2.0 Plasma n=41 [178] Circulating level of NRG-4 is reduced in diabetic peripheral neuropathy
1.4 ± 0.2 Plasma n=32 [27] NRG-4 inversely correlates with the severity of CAD
1.4 ± 0.1 Serum n=24 [179] NRG-4 is increased in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus