Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the included studies.
| Author | Publication (Year) |
Country | Population | Intervention Length and Measurement Times (T) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annesi et al. [18] | 2017 | USA | n = 84 students. 69% women. Age (mean ± standard deviation) = 22.0 ± 5.5 years. Controlled non-randomized trial. Control group was selected from the same universities with students non-involved in the intervention. |
Intervention: 10 or 15 weeks T1: Basal T2: PI 1 (week 10 or 15 based on the university). |
| Bang et al. [25] | 2017 | South Korea | n = 99 students and graduates from Seoul. 53% graduates 52% women. Age = 24.3 ± 4.2 years. Controlled non-randomized trial. Assignation to intervention or control group was made according to participants’ preference |
Intervention: 6 weeks T1: Basal T2: PI. week 6 T3: 3 months after ending intervention. |
| Brown et al. [16] | 2014 | Canada | n = 174 first year students. 58% women Age = 17.97 ± 0.95 years Field trial. Allocation to intervention or control residence was made according to participant’s preference |
Intervention: 20 weeks T1: Basal T2: Follow-up. End 2nd semester |
| Cameron et al. [26] | 2015 | United Kingdom | n = 2614 first year students 55% women. Age = 18.9 ± 2.8 years RCT 2 |
Intervention: academic year T1: Basal T2: 1 month T3: 6 months |
| Heeren et al. [27] | 2017 | South Africa | n = 176 second year students from a university in a rural area, under 25 years. 53.4% women Age = 20.84 ± 1.49 years RCT |
Intervention: 4 weeks T1: Basal T2: Follow-up. 6 months T3: Follow-up. 12 months |
| Kattelmann et al. [19] | 2014 | USA | n = 1639 students from 13 universities, under 25 years. 63% women Age = 19.3 ± 1.1 years RCT |
Intervention: 3 months T1: Basal T2: 3 months (PI) T3: 15 months (follow-up). |
| Kim et al. [22] | 2018 | USA | n = 187 students from a public university following a physical activity instructional program. 62% women. Age = intervention 20.32 ± 1.57 y; control 20.09 ± 1.93 y. Cluster RCT |
Intervention: 15 weeks T1: Basal T2: Week 7–8 (mid-semester). T3: Week 14–15 (end of semester). |
| Nanney et al [23]. | 2014 | USA | n = 1505 students from a mandatory university course about physical activity, under 25 years. 64% women Age = 19.4 ± 1.4 years, RCT |
Intervention: 4 months T1: Basal T2: Week 6 (mid semester). T3: Week 12 (end of semester). |
| Okazaki et al. [24] | 2014 | Japan | n = 77 students. 35% women Age = intervention group 19.1 ± 1.3 years; control group 19.4 ± 1.2 years. RCT |
Intervention: 15 weeks T1: Basal T2: 4 months (PI). T3: 12 months (follow-up). |
| Pope et al. [21] | 2013 | USA | n = 117 students from a public university. 53.8% women Age = 18 years RCT |
Intervention: 12 weeks T1: Basal T2: Week 12. (end of 1st semester) |
| Pope et al. [20] | 2015 | USA | n = 117 students from a public university. 53.8% women Age = 18 years RCT |
Intervention: 24 weeks T1: Basal T2: Week 12 (end of 1st semester) T3: Week 24 (end of 2nd semester) |
| Sharp et al. [17] | 2016 | Canada | n = 184 first year students. 53% women Age = 18 ± 0.69 years RCT |
Intervention: 12 weeks T1: Basal T2: Week 12 (end of 1st semester) |
| Sriramatr et al. [28] | 2014 | Thailand | n = 220 female students under 25 years Age = 19 years RCT |
Intervention: 3 months T1: Basal T2: Week 12. PI T3: Week 24 (follow-up) |
1 PI: post-intervention, 2 RCT: randomized controlled trial.