Table 4.

Synopsis of indirect effects from socioeconomic status and chaos indicators to child behavioral outcomes through caregiving behaviors

	β
	Conduct	Callousness	Empathy
PC education → sensitivity →	−0.05***	−0.05***	0.06***
PC education → harsh–intrusive →	−0.02†	−0.05***	0.00
Household income → sensitivity →	−0.02*	−0.02*	0.02*
Household income → harsh–intrusive →	−0.01	−0.01†	0.00
Chaos disorganization → sensitivity →	0.05***	0.05***	−0.07***
Chaos disorganization → harsh–intrusive →	0.02†	0.05***	−0.00
Chaos instability → sensitivity →	0.01*	0.01*	−0.01*
Chaos instability → harsh–intrusive →	0.01	0.01*	−0.00

Note: N = 1,230. PC, Primary caregiver.

^†p < .10.

^*p < .05.

^***p < .001.