Table 1. Activation Energy Ea and Free Gibbs Energy ΔrG* in kcal mol–1 for the Reaction Involving CO2 and Several Amines under Dry and Wet Conditions in the Gas State and in the Presence of CCl4 and H2O Solvents.
CH3NH2 | H2N(CH2)2NH2 | CH3NH2/CH3NH2a | CH3NH2/H2Oa | CAb + H2O | H2O/CH3NH2a | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ea | gas | 42.8 | 26.5 | 13.2 | 16.5 | 47.3 | 21.0 |
ΔrG* | gas | 44.8 | 32.6 | 25.9 | 27.7 | 55.4 | 18.5 |
CCl4 | 41.8 | 23.4 | 16.7 | 24.7 | 54.9 | 20.5 | |
H2O | 31.3 | 5.2 | 2.4 | 15.1 | 53.1 | 9.4 |
The first compound is the nucleophile (Lewis base), and the second compound is the assisting species (Bro̷nsted base).
CA designates carbamic acid formed by the addition of methylamine and CO2.