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Characteristics of Escherichia coli expression systems.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Rapid expression | Proteins with disulfide bonds are difficult to express |
| High yields | Production of unglycosylated proteins |
| Ease of culture and genome modifications | Proteins with endotoxins are produced |
| Inexpensive | Acetate formation results in cell toxicity |
| Rapid mass production and cost-effective | Proteins produced as inclusion bodies are inactive; thus, refolding is required. |
