Table 1.
UV-based inactivation of airborne ssRNA viruses.
| Virus | Initial Titre | Reduction | Light Dosage a | Light Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS2 bacteriophage * | 2 × 108 to 7 × 108 plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL | 1 log 2 log |
0.34–0.42 mJ/cm2
0.80–0.91 mJ/cm2 |
low-pressure, mercury-discharge UV-C lamps (254 nm; 60–253.7 µW/cm2) | [97] |
| MS2 bacteriophage * MHV 1,** |
104 PFU/mL | <1 log <1 log |
2.6 mJ/cm2
0.6 mJ/cm2 |
UV-C lamps (254 nm; 36 W) | [115] |
| PRRSV 2,*** | ca. 3.33 × 106 TCID50/mL | 3 log | 1.21 mJ/cm2 | low-pressure, mercury-vapor discharge UV-C lamps (254 nm; 110 V) | [106] |
| Influenza A *** | 5.62 × 103 focus forming units (FFU)/L air | 1.4 log | ca. 1.48 mJ/cm2 | low-pressure, mercury UV-C lamps (254 nm; 36 W) | [107] |
| Influenza A *** | 108 FFU/ml | 1.3 log | 2 mJ/cm2 | KrCl lamps (222 nm; 120 µW/cm2) | [84] |
| HCoV 229E ** HCoV OC43 ** |
107 to 108 TCID50/mL | 3 log 4 log |
1.70 mJ/cm2
1.56 mJ/cm2 |
KrCl excimer lamps (222 nm; 0.5–2 mJ/cm2) | [85] |
Note: * = non-enveloped virus; ** = coronavirus (enveloped); *** = enveloped non-coronavirus; 1 MHV = mouse hepatitis virus; 2 PRRSV = porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; a Maximum light dosage (minimum inactivation rate) was taken, if several dosages proposed under different conditions.