Table 6.

Mechanism of action with which Astrocytes increase CD4+ T cells migration in AD.

Interaction	Effect on CD4+ T Cells Migration
Astrocytes present Aβ to Th2	Th2 activation and acquire regulatory phenotype and inhibit Th1 and Th17
Astrocytes downregulate Cx43 (earlier stage)	Increase interaction with CD4+ T cells
Astrocytes produce IL-6	Activation of Th2, Th17 and inhibit Treg and Th1
Uptake TNF-α+IFN-γ produced by proinflammatory CD4+ T cells	Increase astrocytes activation and increase production of plaque
Astrocytes upregulate Cx43 (later stage)	decrease interaction with CD4+ T cells
Astrocytes slightly upregulate MHC2	Prevent further interaction with CD4+ T cells
Astrocytes upregulate FASL	Cause apoptosis