Table 1.
IgA responses reported by published human volunteer experimental ETEC infection studies.
| IgA Responses, Day of Peak (Fold Increase) (No. of Responders/No. of Volunteers) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antigens | Serum | ALS/ASC | Salivary | Intestinal a | Strains | Dose (log10) | References |
| WC O78 | d10(9)(5/6) | H10407 | 6 | 1978 Evans [55] | |||
| WC O78 | d10(14)(6/7) | H10407 | 8 | 1978 Evans [55] | |||
| O167 | ng(2)(3/5) *J | 214-4 | 6, 8, 10 | 1977 Levine [56] | |||
| O148 | ng(9)(20/29) | B7A | 5, 6, 9 | 1979 Levine [19] | |||
| O25 | ng(6,6)(2/6) | E2528C-1 | 5, 6, 9 | 1979 Levine [19] | |||
| O78 | d10(7/7)ng | H10407 | 8 | 1982 Levine [57] | |||
| O78 | d7(>2.5)(22/27) | H10407 | 7 | 2012 Darsley [58] | |||
| O78 | d10(59.8)(42/44) | d7(1093)(42/44) | d10(4.5)(6/10) | d10(86.3)(5/5) *F | H10407 | 7.3, 8 | 2016 Chakraborty [17] |
| O78 | d9(16)(9/15) | d9(125)(10/15) | d9(5.3)(9/15) *F | H10407 | 5 | 2018 Chakraborty [59] | |
| O78 | d9(10)(7/15) | d7(116)(12/15) | d9(9.3)(11/15) *F | H10407 | 6 | 2018 Chakraborty [59] | |
| WC O6 | d10(24)(29/30) | TW10589 | 6, 7, 8, 9 | 2014 Skrede [53] | |||
| WC O6 | d10(5.6)(26/30) | d10(10.4)(25/27) | d10(7.7)(26/29) *L | TW10589 | 6, 7, 8, 9 | 2016 Aase [32] | |
| LT | d30(2.5)(2/6) | H10407 | 6 | 1977 Evans [55] | |||
| LT | d10(3)(4/7) | H10407 | 8 | 1977 Evans [55] | |||
| LT | ng(28)(20/29) | B7A | 5, 6, 9 | 1979 Levine [19] | |||
| LT | ng(8)(4/6) | E2528C-1 | 5, 6, 9 | 1979 Levine [19] | |||
| LT | d21(6/7)ng | H10407 | 8 | 1982 Levine [57] | |||
| LT (EltB) | d14(6.3)(12/15) | d10(10)(12/15) * | H10407 | 8, 9 | 2007 Coster [60] | ||
| LT (EltB) | d10(6.1)(13/15) | d7(9)(14/16) * | B7A | 8, 10 | 2007 Coster [60] | ||
| LT | d28(3.3)(1/6) | d7(23)ng * | E24377A | 8, 9 | 2008 McKenzie [61] | ||
| LT | d10(>4)(13/14) | LSN03, WS011 | 8–10 | 2019 Savarino [62] | |||
| LT (EltB) | ng(>2.5)(3/27) | ng(>4)(17/27) | H10407 | 7 | 2011 Darsley [58] | ||
| LT (EltB) | d10(2.5)(28/44) | d7(14.2)(35/44) | d28(1)(3/8) | d28(3.6)(4/5) *F | H10407 | 7.3, 8 | 2016 Chakraborty [17] |
| LT | ng(17.4)(10/11) | H10407 | 9 | 2017 Savarino [63] | |||
| LT (EltB) | ng(>2)(11/20) | d7(1.7)(6/20) | H10407 | 7 | 2018 Chakraborty [64] | ||
| LT (EltB) | d9(1.6)(3/15) | d9(2.6)(9/15) | ng(ng)(4/15) *F | H10407 | 5 | 2018 Chakraborty [59] | |
| LT (EltB) | d28(1.63)(4/15) | d9(1.44)(5/15) | ng(ng)(4/15) *F | H10407 | 6 | 2018 Chakraborty [59] | |
| LT | ng(>2)(5/12) | LSN03, WS011 | 8–10 | 2019 Savarino [62] | |||
| CFA/I fim | d30(2.6)(3/6) | H10407 | 6 | 1977 Evans [55] | |||
| CFA/I fim | d10(6.6)(4/6) | H10407 | 8 | 1977 Evans [55] | |||
| CFA/I | d8(6/7)ng | H10407 | 8 | 1982 Levine [57] | |||
| CFA/I | d28(40)(15/15) | d14–28(26)(14/15) * | H10407 | 8, 9 | 2007 Coster [60] | ||
| CFA/I | ng(>2.5)(10/27) | ng(>4)(18/27) | H10407 | 7 | 2012 Darsley [58] | ||
| CFA/I | d28(2)(22/44) | d7(4.1)(21/44) | d28(0.55)(0/5) *F | H10407 | 7.3, 8 | 2016 Chakraborty [17] | |
| CFA/I | ng(8.9)(4/11) | H10407 | 9 | 2017 Savarino [63] | |||
| CFA/I | ng(ng)(1/15) | d9(2.9)(10/15) | no rise(4/15) *F | H10407 | 5 | 2018 Chakraborty [59] | |
| CFA/I | ng(ng)(3/15) | d7(2.5)(7/15) | no rise(4/15) *F | H10407 | 6 | 2018 Chakraborty [59] | |
| CFA/I | ng(>2)(12/20) | d7(3.3)(16/20) | H10407 | 7 | 2018 Chakraborty [64] | ||
| CFA/I(CfaB) | 3m(9.6)(8/9) | d10(2.9)ng | TW11681 | 6,7,8 | 2019 Sakkestad [54] | ||
| CFAII | d7(88)(9/10) * | d7(72)(6/9) *J | E23477A | 9 | 1994 Tacket [65] | ||
| CS1 | d7(58)(4/10) * | E23477A | 9 | 1994 Tacket [65] | |||
| CS1 | d28(5.89)(7/17) | d7(66){14/17) * | ng(ng)(13/17) | E24377A | 8,9 | 2008 McKenzie [61] | |
| CS1 + CS3 | ng(ng)(6/9) | d7(4)(2/8) *J | E24377A | 8,7 | 1984 Levine [38] | ||
| CS3 | d7(161)(9/10) * | E23477A | 9 | 1994 Tacket [65] | |||
| CS3 | d28(4.4)(7/17) | d7(53)(10/17) * | ng(ng)(10/17) | E24377A | 8,9 | 2008 McKenzie [61] | |
| CS5 (CsfA) | d28(5.2)(17/21) | TW10722 | 6,7,8,9,10 | 2019 Sakkestad [54] | |||
| CS6 | d10(15)(5/16) | d7–10(12)(8/16) * | B7A | 8,10 | 2007 Coster [60] | ||
| CS6 (CssA + B) | d10(1.3)(5/21) | TW10722 | 6,7,8,9,10 | 2019 Sakkestad [54] | |||
| CS17 | ng(>2)(12/12) | LSNO3, WSO11 | 8–10 | 2019 Savarino [62] | |||
| YghJ | d7(7.62)18/20 | H10407 | 7 | 2018 Chakraborty [64] | |||
| YghJ | d10(3.7)(17/21) | TW10722 | 6,7,8,9,10 | 2019 Sakkestad [54] | |||
| YghJ | d10{3.2)(7/9) | d7(267)ng | TW11681 | 6,7,8 | 2019 Sakkestad [54] | ||
WC = whole cell; ng = not given; ALS = Antibody in lymphocyte supernatant; ASC = Antibody secreting cells (values from ASC assays indicated with *); a Lavage/feces/jejunal fluids; *L = lavage sample, *J = jejunal fluids; *F = feces; O = O-antigen; LT = heat-labile toxin; fim = fimbria; d = day of peak; CFA/I= colonization factor antigen I. Protein names in parentheses indicate the targeted subunits.