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. 2020 Aug 26;10(9):108. doi: 10.3390/bios10090108

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Close-up of the working principle of the smartphone-assisted sensor platform. Streptavidin is immobilized on a gold coated surface and the biotinylated CRP-aptamer is added. Biotin binds to the immobilized streptavidin and the aptamer binds to circulating CRP. Then, aptamer-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are added which bind to a different epitope on the CRP molecule. The shift in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength is monitored with a smartphone-assisted device and CRP concentration can be measured.