Fig. 4.

Effect of eNAMPT on in vitro PCa invasion assays. PC3 cells were placed atop a 2–3 cell layer of prostate smooth muscle cells (PrSMCs) on a Boyden chamber insert as shown in the PCa invasion in vitro model (A). eNAMPT (100 ng/mL) added in the solution compartment was a chemoattractant stimulating PC3 cells to migrate through PrSMCs compared to control culture media over 24hr period shown by counting cells in the Boyden chamber (B, p<0.05) or by observing under microscope (C). MMPs activity was significantly increased in both PC3 and DU145 cell cultures in response to eNAMPT (100 ng/ml) stimulation as early as within 4 hrs and much greater after 24 hrs (D). B, C and D data were representative of triplicate repeats.