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Ultrafiltration performance of PVDF membranes prepared with and without PVP as well as with and without ZnO nanofiller in the dope solution.
| c(PVP) | c(NP) | Water Permeability | Solute Rejection [%] | n | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [%w] | [%w/w(PVDF)] | [L/h m² bar] | SD | PEG 35 kDa |
SD | PEO 100 kDa | SD | |
| 0 | 0 | 31 | 4 | 65 | 17 | 78 | 7 | 4 |
| 0 | 50 | 23 | 1 | 76 | 13 | 85 | 3 | 2 |
| 1 | 0 | 847 | 87 | 3 | 2 | 87 | 0 | 3 |
| 1 | 50 | 400 | 222 | 57 | 21 | 78 | 11 | 3 |
SD—standard deviation; n—number of independent membranes tested.
