| Pharmacist in PCP Office |
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Patients must pick up prescriptions from a pharmacy or mail-order Scheduling for time with both PCP and pharmacist could increase patient wait-time if not handled appropriately Potential burdens of time, participation, risk of penalties, and over-complication of administration
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| Transparency Model |
The drug prices are known to the patient and established by the pharmacy Drug prices can be competitive between independent pharmacies Potential to completely eliminate need for a PBM Most advantageous for patients who are uninsured or underinsured for prescription drugs
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May limit the number of drugs available to be dispensed if high-cost drugs are no longer bought by the pharmacy Wholesalers may sell drugs at lower prices to chain stores with large volume of medications, discriminating per store-volume May not be able to accept insurance coverage Additional responsibility to track all medications independent of insurance use
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| Shared Risk VBP (ACOPP) |
Shares the responsibility and burden of health care with patients May work easily in already established ACOs with contracts with health plans Promotes collaboration and communication between providers and pharmacists
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Success is dependent on buy-in from all parties involved The risk aspect of the model may be challenging for health plans to implement in patients on public programs (e.g., Medi-Cal)
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| Pharmacist Network |
Employers are able to utilize qualified pharmacists on an as-needed basis Allows pharmacists who want to transition into clinical roles to find opportunities of work in a specified region Patients can easily access a pharmacist convenient to them and specific for their health needs
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Requires a large investment or funding source for initial startup fees Advertising the usefulness of the clinical pharmacists and why patients would call the network could prove challenging, especially short-term
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