TABLE 1.
Summary of Findings of studies included for anti‐LGI1 encephalitis
| Author/Year | No. of patients | Mean/median age | Sex ratio (% male) | Clinical presentation | CSF Abnormality | MRI (abnormality, commonest sites) | EEG abnormality | Outcome (mRs 0–2) | Relapse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li et al., 2020 | 9 | 52 | 4/5 (44) | Memory dysfunction 100%, FBDS 44%, Psychiatric symptoms 100%, Sleep disorders 66%, Hyponatremia 78% | 22% | 66%, Hippocampus, BG | 9/9 (100) | 9/9 (100) | N/A |
| Yang et al., 2019 | 24 | 56.9 | 20/4 (83) | Memory dysfunction 75%, FBDS 38%, Psychiatric symptoms 58%, Hyponatremia 58.3% | 29% | 29%, MTL | 22/24 (91) | 24/24 (100) | 3/24 (13) |
| Li, Wu, et al., 2018 | 19 | 58 | 15/4 (79) | Memory dysfunction 69%, FBDS 69%, Psychiatric symptoms 74%, Hyponatremia 26.3% | 74% | 26%, BG, Hippocampus | 11/17 (65) | 18/19 (95) | 6/19 (32) |
| Li, Wu, et al., 2018 | 8 | 63.4 | 5/3 (62.5) | Memory dysfunction 100%, FBDS 100%, Psychiatric symptoms 88%, Sleep disorders 50%, Hyponatremia 75% | 12% | 56%, Hippocampus, BG | 2/8 (25) | 8/8 (100) | 2/8 (25) |
| Yeo et al., 2018 | 4 | 74 | 3/1 (75) | Memory dysfunction 75%, FBDS 50%, Psychiatric symptoms 100%, Sleep disorders 50%, Hyponatremia 25% | N/A | 100%, MTL, Hippocampus | 3/4 (75) | 4/4 (100) | 2/4 (50) |
| Bing‐Lei et al., 2019 | 3 | 53 | 1/2 (33) | Memory dysfunction 100%, FBDS 33%, Psychiatric symptoms 100%, Hyponatremia 100% | 0% | 100%, Hippocampus, MTL | 3/3 (100) | 2/3 (67) | N/A |
| Chen et al., 2017, a | 18 | 47 | 8/10 (44) | Memory dysfunction 100%, FBDS 66.7%, Disorientation/confusion 94%, Sleep disorders 33%, Hyponatremia 44% | N/A | 67%. MTL, BG | 18/18 (100) | N/A | N/A |
| Wang et al., 2018 | 13 | 40.5 | 5/8 (39) | Memory dysfunction 100%, FBDS 100%, Psychiatric symptoms 100% | 38% | 31%, MTL, Hippocampus | 8/13 (62) | 10/13 (77) | N/A |
| Gao et al., 2016 | 10 | 51.5 | 7/3 (70) | Memory dysfunction 90%, FBDS 100%, Psychiatric symptoms 60%, Sleep disorders 20%, Hyponatremia 80% | 30% | 90%, Hippocampus, BG, MTL | 10/10 (100) | 9/10 (90) | 3/10 (30) |
| Li et al., 2016, a | 10 | 58.2 | 6/4 (60) | Memory dysfunction 40%, FBDS 70%, Hyponatremia 50% | 0% | 60%, MTL | N/A | 10/10 (100) | N/A |
| Zhao et al., 2016 | 3 | 54 | 1/2 (33) | Memory dysfunction 100%, FBDS 66.7%, Psychiatric symptoms 33%, Hyponatremia 100% | 33% | 100%, BG, MTL | 1/3 (33) | 2/3 (67) | N/A |
| Yu et al., 2016 | 4 | 54 | 2/2 (50) | Memory dysfunction 100%, FBDS 50%, Psychiatric symptoms 50%, Hyponatremia 100% | 50% | 100%, Hippocampus, BG, MTL | 0/4 (0) | 4/4 (100) | N/A |
| Shin et al., 2013 | 14 | 58.8 | 8/6 (57) | Cognitive dysfunction 86%, FBDS 71%, Sleep disorders 7%, Hyponatremia 43% | 52% | 71%, MTL | 10/13 (77) | 11/14 (79) | 2/14 (14) |
Data are expressed as proportion (%) unless otherwise specified. Age is expressed in years.
Abbreviations: BG, Basal Ganglia; CSF, Cerebrospinal fluid; EEG, Electroencephalogram; FBDS, Faciobrachial Dystonic Seizures; MRI, Magnetic Resonance Imaging; MTL, Medial Temporal Lobe; N/A, Not available.
a
Seizures were additional inclusion criteria in these papers.