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. 2020 Sep 19;17(18):6856. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186856

Table 3.

Results of multivariable logistic regression models for healthcare domain outcomes (N = 4817).

Sociodemographics Look for Health Care Provider Used Email or Internet to Communicate with Doctor Bought Medicine or Vitamins Online
OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Gender (ref: Male)
Female 1.16 0.96, 1.41 1.14 0.91, 1.43 1.25 0.99, 1.58
Age Group (ref: 18–34)
35–49 0.67 0.49, 0.92 * 1.08 0.79, 1.47 0.84 0.61, 1.17
50–64 0.49 0.36, 0.65 *** 0.82 0.61, 1.10 0.80 0.55, 1.17
65–74 0.27 0.18, 0.40 *** 0.60 0.42, 0.85 ** 0.73 0.47, 1.11
>75 0.16 0.09, 0.28 *** 0.46 0.28, 0.76 ** 0.69 0.42, 1.16
Race/Ethnicity (ref: non-Hispanic White)
Non-Hispanic Black 1.27 0.91, 1.78 0.91 0.61, 1.37 0.56 0.38, 0.84 **
Hispanic 1.03 0.78, 1.34 1.01 0.76, 1.34 0.87 0.65, 1.16
Other 1.41 0.94, 2.11 0.85 0.60, 1.21 0.97 0.65, 1.45
Education Level (ref: College Graduate or more)
≤than High School 0.59 0.46, 0.75 *** 0.49 0.37, 0.66 *** 0.87 0.62, 1.21
Some College 0.70 0.56, 0.87 ** 0.83 0.67, 1.04 1.02 0.77, 1.36
Annual household income (USD) (ref: >75,000)
Less than 20,000 0.68 0.45, 1.03 0.38 0.27, 0.54 *** 0.35 0.21, 0.59 ***
20,000 to < 35,000 0.77 0.53, 1.13 0.32 0.22, 0.45 *** 0.38 0.24, 0.60 ***
35,000 to < 50,000 0.71 0.50, 1.01 0.54 0.38, 0.80 *** 0.73 0.49, 1.10
50,000 to < 75,000 0.88 0.66, 1.16 0.65 0.50, 0.84 ** 0.64 0.49, 0.85 **
US Born (ref: Born in US)
No 1.24 0.91, 1.70 1.32 0.94, 1.83 1.81 1.25, 2.61 **
Smoking Status (ref: Never Smoker)
Current 0.70 0.50, 0.99 * 0.91 0.65, 1.29 0.71 0.46, 1.09
Former 0.81 0.65, 1.01 1.00 0.81, 1.23 1.04 0.82, 1.31
Home Ownership (ref: Own)
Rent or occupied without rent 1.15 0.87, 1.51 1.31 1.03, 1.66 * 0.79 0.60, 1.05
Ever diagnosed as having cancer (ref: Yes, history of cancer)
No 0.84 0.66, 1.09 0.66 0.51, 0.86 ** 0.86 0.61, 1.20
Any family members ever had cancer (ref: Yes, history of cancer)
No 0.73 0.59, 0.90 ** 0.94 0.74, 1.20 1.18 0.88, 1.58
Survey Release (ref: HINTS 4 cycle 3)
HINTS 5 cycle 1 1.53 1.19, 1.98 *** 1.65 1.26, 2.15 *** 1.40 1.05, 1.89 *

The results were obtained using a multivariable logistic regression model. We present the result using OR (95%CI). * p-value ≤ 0.05, ** p-value ≤ 0.01, and *** p-value ≤ 0.001.