Table 3.

Examples of nanocarriers currently on phase II/III clinical trials.

Study Title	Type of Nanocarrier	Condition	Mechanisms	Status
Repeated DermaVir Immunizations in HIV-1 Infected Treatment-naïve Patients (GIEU006)	Pathogen-like plasmid DNA polymeric nanoparticle [192]	HIV infection	Langerhans cells with DermaVir migrate to lymph nodes and induce HIV-specific T cells that can kill HIV-infected cells	Phase II completed
Neurotoxicity Characterization Study of Nab-paclitaxel Versus Conventional Paclitaxel in Metastatic Breast Cancer (neurabrax)	Nanoparticle albumin-bound drug [193]	Breast Cancer	Exploit natural albumin pathways to enhance the selective uptake and accumulation of anti-cancer drug at the site of the tumor, thus reducing its diffusion to normal tissues.	Phase II completed
Combination Therapy With NC-6004 and Pembrolizumab in Head and Neck Cancer Subjects Who Have Failed Platinum Regimen	Micellar nanoparticles [194]	Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck	The hydrophilic nature of micelle increases the water-solubility of the anti-cancer drug and decreases the nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity associated with the administration of drug alone.	Phase II recruiting
Clinical Assessment of Voriconazole Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Intermediate Gel	Nanolipid in situ gel [195]	Tinea Versicolor infection	Solid lipid nanoparticles are incorporated into in situ gels for sustained release of the drug, to prolong the residence time, and to increase the bioavailability of the drug.	Phase II completed