Table 5.
Factors associated with QFT conversion at visit 2 and visit 3 using different definitions of conversion
| Definition 1 (< 0.35, increase 0.35) |
Definition 2 (< 0.2, ≥0.7) |
Definition 3 (< 0.2, ≥1.05) |
Definition 4 (< 0.2, ≥1.4) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted RR (95%CI) | Adjusted RR (95%CI)a | Unadjusted RR (95%CI) | Adjusted RR (95%CI)a | Unadjusted HR (95%CI) | Adjusted RR (95%CI)a | Unadjusted RR (95%CI) | Adjusted RR (95%CI)a | |
| Both countries | ||||||||
| End follow-up V1-V2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| End follow-up V2-V3 | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 1.0 (0.8–1.4) | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) | 1.0 (0.7–1.6) | 1.0 (0.7–1.6) | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) |
| Age | ||||||||
| 15–24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 25–29 | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) |
| 30–34 | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.3–1.4) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.6 (0.3–1.4) |
| 35–39 | 0.7 (0.3–1.3) | 0.9 (0.5–1.6) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.8 (0.3–1.8) |
| 40–49 | 0.9 (0.5–1.4) | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 0.7 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.4–1.4) | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 0.3 (0.1–1.0) |
| 50+ | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 0.9 (0.5–1.9) | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) | 1.0 (0.5–2.1) |
| HIV status b | ||||||||
| HIV negative | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| HIV positive, no ARV | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.7 (0.4–1.0) | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.9 (0.6–1.9) |
| HIV positive & ARV | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) | 1.2 (0.5–2.7) | 1.2 (0.5–2.8) | 0.8 (0.3–2.6) | 0.8 (0.3–2.6) |
| Region by TST prevalence | ||||||||
| Zambia, Lusaka, high TST | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Zambia, Urban, high TST | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.7 (0.4–1.0) | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.8 (0.4–1.3) | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.8 (0.4–1.4) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) |
| Zambia, Urban, low TST | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 0.6 (0.3–1.0) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8) |
| Zambia, Rural, low TST | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 0.8 (0.4–1.9) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | 0.6 (0.3–1.5) |
| South Africa, high TST | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.8 (0.4–1.4) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.7 (0.3–1.3) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) |
| South Africa, low TST | 0.4 (0.2–0.7) | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | 0.5 (0.3–1.1) | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) | 0.5 (0.3–1.1) | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) |
| Zambia | ||||||||
| End follow-up V1-V2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| End follow-up V2-V3 | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 1.0 (0.7–1.6) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 1.2 (0.7–1.9) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | 0.9 (0.5–1.6) |
| Age | ||||||||
| 15–24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 25–29 | 0.6 (0.3–1.0) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.4 (0.2–1.1) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 0.4 (0.1–1.0) | 0.4 (0.1–1.3) |
| 30–34 | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.4–1.4) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 0.6 (0.2–1.4) | 0.6 (0.3–1.5) |
| 35–39 | 0.6 (0.3–1.4) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | 0.8 (0.3–1.9) | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 0.9 (0.3–2.3) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.7 (0.3–2.2) |
| 40–49 | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 1.0 (0.5–1.7) | 0.7 (0.3–1.4) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 0.4 (0.2–1.2) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 0.4 (0.1–1.1) | 0.4 (0.1–1.3) |
| 50+ | 1.3 (0.8–2.2) | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | 1.4 (0.7–2.7) | 1.1 (0.6–2.3) | 1.2 (0.6–2.6) | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) |
| HIV status | ||||||||
| HIV negative | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| HIV positive, no ARV | 0.5 (0.4–0.8) | 0.6 (0.4–1.0) | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.7 (0.4–1.4) |
| HIV positive & ARV | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | 1.2 (0.5–2.7) | 1.1 (0.5–2.8) | 1.4 (0.6–3.1) | 1.4 (0.6–3.4) | 0.9 (0.3–2.8) | 0.9 (0.3–3.0) |
| Region by TST prevalence | ||||||||
| Lusaka, high TST | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| VUrban, high TST | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) | 0.8 (0.4–1.3) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.8 (0.4–1.4) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) |
| Urban, low TST | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.4 (0.3–0.7) | 0.6 (0.3–1.0) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) | 0.5 (0.2–0.9) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) |
| Rural, low TST | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.5 (0.2–0.9) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.8 (0.4–1.9) | 0.6 (0.3–1.4) | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | 0.6 (0.2–1.4) |
| South Africa | ||||||||
| End follow-up V1-V2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| End follow-up V2-V3 | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) | 0.8 (0.4–1.7) | 0.7 (0.3–1.9) | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | 0.5 (0.2–1.7) | 0.6 (0.2–2.0) | 0.7 (0.2–2.5) | 0.9 (0.2–3.4) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) | 0.7 (0.4–1.5) | 0.6 (0.3–1.5) | 0.6 (0.2–1.4) | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.4 (0.1–1.3) |
| Age | ||||||||
| 15–24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 25–29 | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 0.7 (0.3–2.2) | 0.7 (0.2–1.9) | 0.4 (0.1–1.7) | 0.4 (0.1–1.9) | 0.3 (0.1–1.6) | 0.3 (0.03–2.3) | 0.1 (0.01–1.7) |
| 30–34 | 0.7 (0.2–2.6) | 0.6 (0.1–2.7) | 0.4 (0.1–2.2) | 0.3 (0.1–1.8) | 0.6 (0.1–2.9) | 0.4 (0.1–2.5) | 0.7 (0.1–3.9) | 0.4 (0.1–2.7) |
| 35–39 | 0.9 (0.3–2.5) | 1.0 (0.4–2.9) | 0.5 (0.1–2.4) | 0.5 (0.1–2.1) | 0.7 (0.1–3.2) | 0.6 (0.1–2.8) | 0.9 (0.2–4.3) | 0.6 (0.2–2.7) |
| 40–49 | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) | 1.1 (0.4–2.8) | 0.6 (0.2–2.1) | 0.5 (0.1–2.1) | 0.8 (0.2–2.9) | 0.6 (0.1–2.9) | 0.3 (0.04–2.6) | 0.2 (0.01–2.2) |
| 50+ | 0.9 (0.3–2.4) | 0.9 (0.4–2.5) | 0.4 (0.1–1.8) | 0.3 (0.1–1.7) | 0.3 (0.03–2.1) | 0.2 (0.02–1.9) | 0.3 (0.04–2.7) | 0.2 (0.2–1.9) |
| HIV status b | ||||||||
| HIV negative | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| HIV positive, no ARV | 0.7 (0.4–1.5) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 1.3 (0.6–2.9) | 1.7 (0.7–4.6) | 1.4 (0.6–3.4) | 1.9 (0.7–5.5) | 1.8 (0.6–5.0) | 3.3 (0.9–12.2) |
| HIV positive & ARV | 0.9 (0.1–6.5) | 1.1 (0.1–8.6) | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| TST prevalence | ||||||||
| High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Low | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.8 (0.3–1.6) | 0.8 (0.4–1.9) | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | 0.7 (0.3–1.9) | 0.9 (0.3–2.6) |
aNo rules were applied: time band, sex, age, HIV status, HH intervention (yes/no), and region by TST prevalence were simultaneously added to the regression models
bHIV status unknown not shown
Footnote: Contacts with visit 2 unknown and conversion at visit 3 were randomly assigned to have end point follow-up between visit 1-visit 2 or visit 2-visit 3. Table A4 (additional file) shows that this includes n = 27 household contacts if conversion definition 2 is used. Number of contacts who were randomly allocated for the other definitions: n = 41 definition 1; n = 21 definition 3; n = 19 definition 4 **HIV status unknown not shown