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. 2020 Aug 19;7(3):115. doi: 10.3390/vetsci7030115

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Primary stimulation with β-glucan microparticulates + IL-4 enhanced the NO production after secondary stimulation of LPS. Freshly isolated adherent cells were primary stimulated with culture medium (UNSTIM), LPS (10 μg/mL), M-βG (10 μg/mL), M-βG + IL-4 (10 μg/mL + 100 ng/mL) or IL-4 (100 ng/mL) on D0. The cells were secondary stimulated with LPS (10 μg/mL), except for the negative control (UNSTIM-UNSTIM) on D6. NO production after the secondary stimulations are shown in this figure. Only cells primary stimulated with the combination M-βG + IL-4 showed increased NO production after a secondary stimulation with LPS compared to primary unstimulated cells (N = 21 chickens). Each bar represents mean ± SEM. *** p < 0.001.