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. 2020 Aug 26;9(9):699. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9090699

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Usutu virus (USUV) transmission cycle involves birds (amplifying hosts) and mosquitoes (vectors). Infection can be transmitted to humans and horses which are generally considered incidental or “dead-end” hosts. USUV isolation/detection (black symbols) and serologic evidence (blue symbols) were reported in different animal species, expanding the incidental host range.