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. 2020 Aug 4;8(3):86. doi: 10.3390/dj8030086

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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qRT-PCR results. No differences found for transforming growth factor TGF-β1 (A) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) (B). Grapefruit extract (GFE) led to a significant decrease in the growth factor PDGF (C), and inflammatory marker IL1-β (D) compared to grape seed extract (GSE), and a significant decrease in inflammatory markers IL-6 (E) and CXCL2 (F) compared to control. GSE led to a significant increase in the coagulation von Willebrand factor (VWF) (G), and inflammatory marker IL1-β (D) compared to GFE. (H) Wound healing PCR array highlighted results. Statistically significant genes indicated by * (p < 0.05). Standard text indicates upregulated and bold text indicates downregulated. Bars are SDs.