Figure 20.

Schematic representation of nanometric dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB)-based adjuvants inducing delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in mice as compared to alum. The same antigen (Ag) carried by each adjuvant was used for immunization. Ag was carried by DODAB BF at 0.1 mM DODAB (DODAB BF/Ag) or by polystyrene sulfate nanoparticles (PSS)/DODAB or by silica/DODAB particles at 0.01 or 0.05 mM DODAB (PSS/DODAB/Ag or silica/DODAB/Ag), respectively, or by alum (Al(OH)₃/Ag). After immunization, elicitation of the swelling response was done by injecting Ag alone in the mice footpad so that % footpad swelling was measured in comparison to alum [9,10,18]. At the DODAB doses employed, DODAB cytotoxicity was absent against mammalian cells in culture. Adapted from [9,10] with permission from Elsevier, Copyright 2007 and Copyright 2009 and reference [18].