Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Divided by Gender | |||||
| Variable |
All (N = 45)
Mean ± SD |
Boys (n = 26)
Mean ± SD |
Girls (n = 19)
Mean ± SD |
d | p Value |
| Age (years) | 10.1 ± 1.0 | 10.3 ± 1.0 | 9.8 ± 1.0 | 0.20 | 0.116 |
| Weight (kg) | 56.3 ± 10.7 | 60.1 ± 10.9 | 51.0 ± 8.1 * | 0.36 | 0.004 |
| Height (cm) | 146.6 ± 7.6 | 149.1 ± 6.0 | 143.1 ± 8.4 * | 0.37 | 0.008 |
| BMI a (kg/m2) | 26.0 ± 3.2 | 26.9 ± 3.6 | 24.8 ± 2.3 * | 0.26 | 0.030 |
| BMI percentile | 97.22 ± 2.4 | 97.6 ± 2.1 | 96.7 ± 2.7 | 0.39 | 0.201 |
| VO2peak (mL·kg·min) | 32.5 ± 5.4 | 32.8 ± 6.1 | 32.1 ± 4.4 | 0.06 | 0.650 |
| Divided by BMI status | |||||
|
Overweight (n = 19)
Mean ± SD |
Obesity (n = 26)
Mean ± SD |
d | p Value | ||
| Age (years) | - | 10.6 ± 0.7 | 10.1 ± 1.0 | 0.49 | 0.117 |
| Weight (kg) | - | 49.9 ± 6.9 | 60.9 ± 10.7 † | 1.22 | 0.000 |
| Height (cm) | - | 145.5 ± 7.2 | 147.3 ± 8.0 | 0.24 | 0.438 |
| BMI a (kg/m2) | - | 23.4 ± 1.5 | 27.9 ± 2.9 † | 1.94 | 0.000 |
| BMI percentile | - | 95.4 ± 2.7 | 98.58 ± 0.5 | 1.65 | 0.000 |
| VO2peak (mL·kg·min) | - | 34.0 ± 5.3 | 31.4 ± 5.2 | 0.50 | 0.106 |
a BMI: Body Mass Index; * indicates a statistically significant difference between boys and girls (p < 0.05); † indicates a statistically significant difference between children with overweight and obesity (p < 0.05); Cohen’s d can be small (0.2–0.5), medium (0.5–0.8), or large (>0.8).