Table 1.
Comparisons of demographic data and psychopathology evaluations in boys and girls among patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls.
| Boys | Girls | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADHD (n = 98) |
Control (n = 42) |
ADHD (n = 32) |
Control (n = 26) |
|
| Demographic data, mean ± SD | ||||
| Age, years | 8.5 ± 1.7 | 8.7 ± 1.7 | 8.1 ± 1.3 | 9.2 ± 1.9 |
| Height, cm | 132.3 ± 12.4 | 133.3 ± 11.3 | 128.0 ± 11.6 | 136.9 ± 13.2 |
| Body weight, kg | 33.5 ± 13.9 | 31.0 ± 10.3 | 30.7 ± 13.8 | 34.2 ± 10.9 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| ODD or conduct disorder | 27 (27.8) | - | 4 (12.5) | - |
| Tic disorders | 15 (15.5) | - | 1 (3.1) | - |
| WISC-IV, mean ± SD | ||||
| Full Scale Intelligence Quotient | 98.6 ± 10.5 | 109.4 ± 15.1 | 96.9 ± 9.7 | 107.9 ± 11.9 |
| Verbal Comprehension Index | 102.4 ± 11.0 | 108.8 ± 12.2 | 101.8 ± 9.2 | 104.2 ± 10.5 |
| Perceptual Reasoning Index | 99.5 ± 12.7 | 110.4 ± 18.0 | 94.7 ± 10.6 | 109.9 ± 16.2 |
| Working Memory Index | 99.6 ± 11.5 | 108.5 ± 12.8 | 97.7 ± 10.9 | 107.7 ± 11.5 |
| Processing Speed Index | 94.0 ± 9.7 | 100.6 ± 12.1 | 94.9 ± 8.1 | 103.0 ± 11.9 |
| SNAP-IV, mean ± SD | ||||
| SNAP-IV parent form (I) | 16.5 ± 5.6 | 5.7 ± 6.3 | 17.1 ± 4.8 | 5.4 ± 5.5 |
| SNAP-IV parent form (H) | 15.6 ± 6.2 | 5.0 ± 5.6 | 12.7 ± 5.4 | 3.8 ± 5.6 |
| SNAP-IV parent form (O) | 12.7 ± 6.1 | 5.2 ± 5.1 | 10.8 ± 5.9 | 4.6 ± 5.1 |
| SNAP-IV teacher form (I) | 15.3 ± 5.3 | 4.9 ± 5.5 | 13.5 ± 7.0 | 4.2 ± 3.6 |
| SNAP-IV teacher form (H) | 13.7 ± 6.3 | 3.6 ± 4.0 | 7.7 ± 5.9 | 2.1 ± 2.5 |
| SNAP-IV teacher form (O) | 10.0 ± 6.2 | 2.0 ± 2.8 | 5.2 ± 5.0 | 1.3 ± 1.6 |
| Urinary creatinine (mg/dL) | 108.3 ± 39.0 | 104.1 ± 41.7 | 92.6 ± 29.1 | 107.7 ± 37.0 |
| Urine specific gravity | 1.01 ± 0.0 | 1.00 ± 0.0 | 1.00 ± 0.0 | 1.01 ± 0.0 |
Notes: data are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%); ODD, oppositional defiant disorder; SNAP-IV, the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham—Version IV Scale for ADHD; WISC-IV, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Fourth Edition; I, inattention scores; H, hyperactivity/impulsivity scores; O, oppositional scores. Z, Standardized Test Statistic using Mann–Whitney U Test.