Table 1.
Overview of natural biomaterials related to plastic surgery.
| Name | Source | Application Mode | Application Site | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural Biomaterials | |||||
| Bio-protein glue [15,16,17,18] | Blood from animals | Injectable liquid | Hemostasis of venule hemorrhage in burn patients | Good biocompatibility | The application range is narrow |
| Decellularized tissue [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26] | Dermis, valve, and other tissue from human or animals | Biological patch | Skin transplantation in burn patients | Good biocompatibility | High cost |
| Collagen [27,28] | Connective tissue of animals, such as bovine achilles tendon | Injectable liquid | Facial soft tissue filler for crow’s feet, periorbital wrinkles, and deep scars | Good biocompatibility; can interact with cells; good mechanical properties; moisture retention; low immunogenicity; biodegradability | Rejection reaction; possible disease transfection |
| HA [29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36] | cockscomb, umbilical cord, eyeballs, and cartilage | Injectable liquid | Fillers for wrinkles of the decree lines, corners of the mouth, forehead, eyebrows, nose, lips, chin, acne, and chickenpox crypt scar | Minimal rejection reaction | Mild swelling; rapid degradation |
HA: Hyaluronic acid.