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. 2020 Oct 14;11:5155. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18958-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Proposed tocotrienols synthetic pathway in S. cerevisiae. MVA pathway mevalonate pathway, 4-HPP 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate; HGA homogentisic acid, GGPP geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, MGGBQ 2-methyl-6-geranylgeranyl benzoquinol, DMGGBQ 2,3-dimethyl-5-geranylgeranyl-benzoquinone, HPPD 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, SyHPT homogentisate phytyltransferase, MPBQMT 2-methyl-6-phytylbenzoquinol methyltransferase, TC tocopherol cyclase, γ-TMT γ-tocopherol methyltransferase. b HPLC spectra of S. cerevisiae strains expressing the heterologous pathway genes. The retention time of γ-tocotrienol and β-tocotrienol was the same under the chromatographic conditions used. T3, tocotrienol. 1. MGGBQ; 2. DMGGBQ; 3. δ-T3; 4. γ/β-T3; 5. α-T3. c LC-MS analysis of MGGBQ and DMGGBQ in positive ion mode. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.